Chambered forced cooling system

ABSTRACT

An apparatus and method for cooling components within a housing, such as those of a computer system. Multiple chambers are created within the housing, each having at least one cooling fan and a corresponding air inlet. These chambers are segregated by an internal divider or baffle element which effectively eliminates airflow between the chambers. Cooling fans within the housing are utilized as exhaust fans such that, in conjunction with the effect of the baffle element, substantially linear airflow is maintained within each chamber. Certain critical heat-producing components of the system are placed in proximity to the air inlets in each chamber, thereby maximizing the cooling of the components for a given fan rating and inlet air temperature, and increasing cooling system efficiency by substantially reducing the cooling of components that are insensitive to heat.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to systems for controlling the cooling ofcomponents in an enclosed environment, such as those in a micro- ormini-computer system. More specifically, the invention relates to theuse of cooling baffles and arrangement of various system components toenhance the cooling of certain heat-sensitive internal components.

2. Description of Related Technology

Many electrically powered systems include environments havingheat-producing elements contained within a substantially enclosed area.For example, within a typical computer system, the heat generatedinternally by certain components such as integrated circuit devices,power supplies, motors and transformers, may be substantial. Such heatmust be dissipated at a rate sufficient to maintain the temperature ofcritical system components at an acceptable level in order to precludepremature component and system failure. While small increases inoperating temperature may not be immediately detrimental to theoperation of such components, long term operation at these elevatedtemperature levels may adversely impact their longevity and reliability.This is particularly true of comparatively sensitive integrated circuitor data storage devices such as the central processing unit (CPU) ordisk drives, respectively, which may suffer disproportional reductionsin longevity with incremental increases in operating temperature.Additionally, mechanical effects resulting from wide variations intemperature and high peak temperatures may eventually induce componentfailures.

It has been recognized that temperature-sensitive components such as ICsand disk drives often act as significant heat sources themselves. Insuch cases, it may not be sufficient to simply maintain the ambient airwithin the computer chassis at a temperature below the maximum allowabletemperature for these devices, since each device may not dissipate heateffectively enough to maintain its temperature within acceptable limits.Localized or forced cooling of these components often must be used toincrease the rate of heat transfer.

Generally, increased cooling of computer components may be accomplishedby enhanced convective, radiant or conductive heat transfer out of thecomponent. Heat sinks are sometimes used to enhance conductive heattransfer by conducting heat from the component into the sink, which isthen cooled by convective (and to a much lesser degree, radiative) heattransfer. Assuming air as the cooling medium and a constant inlettemperature, convective cooling of a component, whether it has a heatsink or not, can be facilitated by increasing the airflow over thecomponent and, depending upon the component and system configuration,inducing more laminar or more turbulent flow around the component.

Increased airflow can be obtained by increasing fan capacity, oralternatively, by reducing the obstructions to airflow around thecomponents of concern. Hence, for a given fan capacity, simplyrelocating the heat-producing components with respect to existing airflow and making the flow path less tortuous can significantly enhanceheat transfer. This is particularly true when these components areplaced in direct proximity to the inlet of the cooling air, which hasthe lowest temperature of any region within the housing.

With respect to turbulence, inwardly blowing fans induce substantialturbulence in the chassis, especially in the vicinity of the fandischarge. Turbulent flow is generally more useful for removing heatfrom large surface-area components such as finned heat sinks, whilelaminar flow is often preferable for other components. Discharge orexhaust systems create a more laminar flow within the chassis than doinlet systems, since the turbulence produced by the fan discharge isoutside the chassis. Therefore, since most internal computer componentsare not equipped with heat sinks which can benefit from turbulence,laminar or linear flow is generally preferable.

In addition to the factors discussed above, dedicating the airflowcreated by a fan/inlet combination to a limited number of components caneven further increase the cooling of those components. For example,providing a power supply with its own fan and source of inlet air isobviously more effective in terms of cooling than simply disposing thepower supply within the interior of the computer (along with all of theother components) somewhere between the fan and the air inlet.

Taking the aforementioned concepts together, it can be seen that thecooling of internal computer components may generally be optimizedthrough the use of a plurality of dedicated cooling fans placed in anexhaust orientation, and the location of critical components in directproximity to dedicated air inlets.

A substantial number of cooling system configurations aimed at enhancingthe cooling of heat producing components within the computer chassis aredescribed in the prior art. These systems utilize a variety of differentcombinations of fan placement, internal component/board arrangement,ventilation hole placement, and electrical cable routing. For example,the prior art system of FIGS. 1 and 2 introduces air into the housing120 via air inlets 10 and an inlet ventilation fan 20 located in thetop, sides, or front of the chassis, and exhausts comparatively hotterair via one or more cooling fans 30 located at the rear of the chassis.

The placement of the critical components within these prior art systems,including the CPU 40, floppy disk drive cage 50, power supply 60, harddisk drive cage 70, and CD-ROM drive 80, is not optimized in that thecomponents are only indirectly cooled by the inlet air, and/or some ofthe cooling air is diverted to components which do not require cooling.Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, prior art computer systems donot coordinate the placement of heat-producing components with that ofthe fan and the air inlets such that substantially linear airflow ismaintained throughout the interior volume of the computer; many systemscreate a tortuous airflow path 90 thereby effectively reducing the flowof air for a given fan capacity.

Other attempts at improving the air cooling of electrical componentswithin an enclosed environment are disclosed in several United Statespatents, which are discussed below.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,218,514 discloses a personal computer housing systemhaving a plurality of air intakes located around the sides and front ofthe housing, with a fan mounted at the rear which draws air through theintakes. System I/O and expansion cards are mounted longitudinally fromfront to back at various orientations and elevations such that air drawnin the front and side intakes passes over the cards before beingexhausted by the cooling fan. However, this arrangement provides asomewhat tortuous airflow path, thereby increasing flow resistance.Furthermore, air may circulate within substantially all of the interiorvolume of the enclosure, potentially cooling components which do notrequire cooling.

U.S Pat. No. 5,440,450 discloses a housing having an integrated coolingchannel running linearly through one dimension of the computer chassis.A fan is mounted at one end of the channel, and heat radiating fins runthe length of the channel. The heat producing power supply is mounteddirectly in contact with the channel. The motherboard is mountedadjacent to the channel such that some of the air being drawn into theintake of the channel by the cooling fan is ultimately passed over themotherboard (and CPU) before changing direction and being ingested intothe channel. This air is drawn into the chassis through a series ofperforations in the rear of the chassis. Hence, this arrangement suffersdisabilities as those previously described in that the cooling airflowpath is tortuous, and system efficiency is reduced through the coolingof non-critical components.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,432,674 discloses a computer tower unit having aninternal airflow control baffle. The unit has two cooling fans (one"system" fan and one dedicated to the power supply unit) which draw airthrough a pair of exterior openings generally opposed from the fans.This arrangement obviates the need for a separate (i.e., third) diskdrive cooling fan since the baffle redirects a portion of the air drawnin by the upper fan through the upper inlet to pass over the disk driveunit. Air drawn in through the lower and upper inlets passes in partover the motherboard and CPU after being redirected. The baffle pivotsoutward during maintenance to permit access to the motherboard. In thissystem, the primary function of the baffle is redirection of theinternal airflow of the unit (especially that originating from the lowerinlet), which changes directions in several parts of the housing.

In view of the foregoing, it can be appreciated that existing enclosurecooling systems have not adequately solved the problems of optimizingthe operating temperature of certain heat-sensitive components whilemaintaining high cooling system efficiency and minimizing electricalpower requirements. Therefore, it would be most desirable to provide animproved cooling apparatus for a computer system which would overcomethe limitations of the prior art and provide for the optimized coolingof critical system components while maintaining a high overallefficiency. Furthermore, it would be desirable to design such anapparatus to facilitate both the routing of internal system wiring andperiodic system maintenance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention satisfies the aforementioned needs by providing animproved apparatus and method for cooling the internal components of acomputer system or other electronic device.

In a first aspect of the invention, increased cooling of the internalcomponents of the computer is provided through the combination ofcomponent placement, selected baffling of external air inlets, and useof one or more internal cooling baffle elements (dividers).Specifically, two or more interior housing chambers are created, eachhaving at least one airflow generator and air inlet. These chambers aredisposed on either side of the aforementioned internal baffle elements,which effectively eliminates any airflow between the chambers. Allairflow generators are oriented so as to exhaust air and minimizeturbulence within these interior chambers. Certain criticalheat-producing components of the system, such as the disk drives andCD-ROM drive, are placed in proximity to the air inlets in each chamber.Inlet air is drawn over these components before being heated by otherinternal components, thereby maximizing their cooling for a given fanrating and inlet air temperature. Furthermore, the diversion of coolingairflow to components which do not require cooling can be virtuallyeliminated, thereby increasing cooling system efficiency.

In a second aspect of the invention, the improved internal coolingbaffle element allows for the passage of one or more electrical wiresbetween the aforementioned cooling chambers. The baffle uses a pluralityof flexible fingers which accommodate most any size and/or configurationof wiring, yet which largely eliminate the flow of air through theelement. In one embodiment, the baffle may be easily removed duringmaintenance to facilitate access to other system internal components.

These and other objects and features of the present invention willbecome more fully apparent from the following description and appendedclaims taken in conjunction with the following drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a typical prior art tower computersystem.

FIG. 2 is a side crossectional view of the typical prior art towercomputer system, taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a side crossectional view of a first preferred embodiment of atower computer system employing the chambered cooling system of thepresent invention.

FIG. 4 is a cutaway perspective view of the computer system of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a top crossectional view of a second preferred embodiment ofthe chambered cooling system of the present invention installed in adesktop computer configuration.

FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of the second preferred embodiment ofFIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of anairflow baffle element of the present invention.

FIG. 7a is a perspective view of an alternate finger arrangement used inconjunction with the first preferred embodiment of FIG. 7.

FIG. 8 is a crossectional view of the baffle element of FIG. 7, withwiring installed, taken along line 8--8 of FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a crossectional view of a second preferred embodiment of theairflow baffle element of the present invention, with electrical wiringinstalled.

FIG. 10 is a crossectional view of a third preferred embodiment of theairflow baffle element of the present invention, with electrical wiringinstalled.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a fourth preferred embodiment of theairflow baffle element of the present invention, with electrical wiringinstalled.

FIG. 12 is a cutaway perspective view of a tower computer system,illustrating the baffle element of FIG. 11 installed therein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A FIRST EMBODIMENT

Reference is now made to the drawings wherein like numerals refer tolike parts throughout.

In the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, it is seen that theinternal components of a computer system 102 are cooled through use of adual-chambered arrangement within the computer external housing 120. Theinterior volume of the tower/minitower computer system 102 is segregatedinto two essentially discrete "over-under" chambers 104, 106 by ahorizontally oriented divider or baffle element 108. The baffle element108 may be received and secured in position generally by the horizontalchassis elements 110, 112 within the computer, as described below. Thebaffle element 108 may be sized and the chassis elements of the computersystem constructed so that when the baffle is installed, airflow betweenthe two chambers 104, 106 is essentially eliminated. This elimination ofairflow is advantageous in that more laminar flow is maintained withineach of the two chambers, and therefore less cooling air is diverted tocomponents which do not require cooling. Two forced airflow generators114, 116 are mounted to the rear wall 118 of the housing 120, eachwithin its respective chamber 104, 106 such that each airflow generatoris dedicated to one chamber, and the airflow induced within each of thetwo chambers is generally co-linear with and flowing in the samedirection ("substantially parallel") as that in the other chamber.Standard low speed, low noise cooling fans suitable for personalcomputer applications are preferred in this embodiment, although theobjectives of the invention may also be met through use of other devicesgenerating forced airflow in place of or in conjunction with the fans114, 116. One such fan that may be used is the 92 mm Model No. KD1209,manufactured by Sunon. Fan mounting may be accomplished by anyconventional means including threaded fasteners or tack-welding,although other methods may be used with equal success. Each fan 114,116, is oriented on the housing rear wall 118 so as to exhaust air fromits respective chamber 104, 106 through one or more perforations 122 inthe rear wall 118. A separate dedicated cooling exhaust fan 115 integralwith the computer power supply 60 is also provided in this embodiment.Furthermore, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, it is noted that themotherboard 152 is oriented in a vertical fashion such that the airflowpath 146 coincides with the top surface of the motherboard 152 andCPU 40.

Method of Operation of the First Embodiment

Referring again to FIG. 3, air enters each chamber 104, 106 through aseries of air inlets 10 or perforations in the front wall 126 of thehousing 120. Air inlets 10 of rectangular crossection may be used;however, those of other crossectional shapes may also be employed.Ambient air is drawn through the inlets in the direction shown by arrows128 and 130 into each chamber 104, 106 by the relative low pressurecreated by that chamber's respective exhaust fan 114, 116. The airinlets may be disposed on said front wall 126 at an elevation roughlyequivalent to and in relative transverse alignment with the rotationalaxis 132 of the blades of fans 114, 116 (e.g., "substantially aligned")so as to minimize changes of direction in the airflow within eachchamber.

One or more of the critical components within the computer housing 120which require cooling include the CPU 40, the disk drive cages 50, 70,and CD-ROM 80 drive. These components may be placed in close physicalproximity to the air inlets for each chamber so that unheated inlet airis directly drawn over these components during induction, therebyproviding one of the primary benefits of the invention. Furthermore, aswill be further described herein, the critical components are disposedat vertical elevations in relation to the airflow stream 146 created byeach cooling fan 114, 116 and its respective air inlets 10 to optimizecomponent cooling while striving to minimize turbulence and maintainsignificant linear airflow within the chamber.

Inlet baffle elements 144 may be installed to restrict the flow of airas required in applications having more preexisting inlets than arerequired by the invention. That is, inlets 145 which do not havecomponents requiring cooling in direct proximity will be baffled inorder to ensure that maximum airflow is drawn through the unbaffledinlets 10 and over the components requiring cooling. The placement andorientation of the aforementioned components, coupled with baffling ofthe internal chambers 104, 106 and baffling of selected front wall airinlets 145 increases the efficiency of the cooling system by divertinginlet air away from components which do not require cooling. Thisdiversion reduces the temperature increase of the air encountering thecomponents requiring cooling, and reduces the required mass flow rate ofair over these components for a given heat removal rate. Therefore, forthe same inlet air temperature, either the average operating temperatureof the components, or cooling fan capacity, may be reduced. This benefithas been substantiated with experimental data showing reductions intemperature of several degrees centigrade (° C.) for various componentsusing the present invention as opposed to prior art systems with thesame fan capacity.

It should be further recognized that optimum airflow will generally beobtained when the exhaust fan and respective air inlets within a givenchamber are oriented in opposition to each other within the housing 120.Hence, configurations wherein the chambers, including the fans andinlets, are oriented to generate transverse (i.e., side-to-side) ortop-to-bottom airflow within the housing 120 may function with equaleffectiveness.

FIG. 4 shows the relative arrangement of the fan 114, air inlets 10, andthe various internal components associated with one chamber 104 of thecomputer system of FIG. 3. A generally linear flowpath of air 146 ismaintained between the air inlets 10 located in the front wall 126 ofthe housing 120 and the cooling fan 114 located on the rear wall 118.This brings a substantially laminar flow of air into direct contact withthe disk drive cage 70 and CD-ROM drive 80 located within the upperchamber 104. Note that in this embodiment, the disk drive cage 70 isdisposed between upper and lower air inlets 10a, 10b such that inlet airflows directly along the upper and lower surfaces of the drive cage 70after induction without inducing significant turbulence within thechamber 104. Alternatively, air inlets positioned in the front wall 126yet oriented so as to admit airflow on either side of a component may beused.

Referring again to FIGS. 3 and 4, the baffle element 108 is disposedhorizontally within the housing 120 so as to form and separate the twotandem chambers 104, 106 of this embodiment. A wiring harness 156, shownhere coupled to the motherboard 152, penetrates the center region of thebaffle element 108 to permit electrical coupling of the components inboth chambers. It can be appreciated that wiring or optical fiberspassing through the baffle element may interconnect a variety ofcomponents and/or boards within the interior volume of the computerincluding the motherboard 152, disk drive(s) 50, 70, CD-ROM drive 80,and power supply 60. Furthermore, the internal components within achamber 104, 106 may be oriented in a number of different ways whilestill providing for component cooling and maintaining substantiallylinear airflow within that chamber. For example, the motherboard 152 maybe oriented vertically and longitudinally in the direction of airflow146 to accomplish the same result. The power supply 60 and associatedfan 115 are oriented within the chamber 104 in close proximity to theexhaust cooling fan 114 for that chamber in order to maintain theairflow path 146 as linear as possible and minimize any turbulencewithin the housing 120.

Detailed Description of a Second Embodiment

A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.This embodiment optimal for use in a desktop computer. In thisembodiment, the two cooling chambers 104, 106 are oriented in tandem(side-by-side) as opposed to the over-under orientation of the towercomputer system of the first embodiment described above. The linearflowpath 146 between the cooling fans 114, 116 and air inlets 10 ismaintained in this second embodiment by positioning the componentswithin each chamber horizontally along the front wall 126 of the housing120 in vertical alignment with the air flowpath 146, while selectivelybaffling any air inlets which are not required for component cooling.The internal baffle element 108 is oriented vertically and received inthe housing element 110, 112, thereby preventing significant airflowvertically between the chambers 104, 106. Wiring 156 penetrates thebaffle element 108 horizontally through the element's center region.

Detailed Description of a First Embodiment of the Baffle Element

Referring now to FIGS. 7 and 8, it is seen that a first embodiment ofthe baffle element 108 is constructed with a center element 200interposed between two substantially planar support elements 202, 204.Center element 200 may be of generally rectangular shape, and may have aplurality of longitudinal and transverse perforations 210 extendingthrough its thickness such that a plurality of individual fingers 212are formed. The fingers 212 may be disposed in a substantially parallelorientation, with two opposing rows 218, 220 being formed such that thedistal end 216 of each finger 212 is in close proximity with the distalend 216 of the corresponding finger in the opposing row. Center element200 is constructed from any variety of flexible or elastomeric materialssuch as vinyl, neoprene rubber, or polyethylene such that the fingers212 are flexible and the distal end 216 of each finger may move in asubstantially normal direction 222 to the plane of the element 200, andin relation to one another. Alternatively, the center element 200 may beconstructed of a substantially rigid material, and the fingers 212pivotally attached and preloaded thereto using a flexible spring element213 or similar arrangement, as shown in FIG. 7a. The dimensions ofperforations 210 are controlled, and the diameter of each finger 224 ismaintained sufficiently small such that airflow around an object offairly small diameter (such as an electrical wire 152 or fiber-opticcable) inserted through the fingers is minimized. It can be appreciatedthat a variety of finger shapes and orientations may be used with equaleffectiveness.

As shown in FIG. 7, the support elements 202, 204 each have a passage206, 208 extending through a central portion thereof, such that thepassages 206, 208 of both support elements 202, 204 substantiallycommunicate when those elements are mated flush with one another. Theshape of the passage 206, 208 through each support element may beconfigured to not restrict movement of the fingers 212 while defining aperimeter that is smaller than the perimeter of the center element 200.Thus, the passages 206, 208 may be sized to permit movement of thefingers 212, while the support elements 202, 204 act to retain thecenter element 200 in the desired position when assembled, as discussedbelow. The support elements 202, 204 may be constructed of substantiallyany material with sufficient rigidity to adequately retain the centerelement 200 in relative alignment, including plastics, rubber,composites, or metal. The support elements 202, 204 may be constructedfrom an ESD (electrostatic discharge) safe material.

When the baffle element 108 is assembled, the center element 200 may bemaintained in position between the support elements 202, 204 by way ofthe overlap region 228 between the inner periphery 230 of each supportelement and the outer periphery 232 of the center element 200. Thecenter element may therefore be "sandwiched" between the two supportelements, all three components being held in relative position to oneanother through the use of rivets 209, threaded fasteners, adhesives, orsimilar conventional fastening means. A large variety of methods formaintaining the relative alignment between the center element 200 andthe support elements may be employed with equal success and withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention. When assembled in thisfashion, a groove 240 is formed between the support elements 202, 204which extends around the periphery of the baffle element 108.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8, the assembled baffle element 108 maybe positioned and secured within the computer housing of FIG. 3 by wayof horizontal chassis elements 110, 112. Specifically, the groove 240formed between the support elements 202, 204 receives the horizontalelements, both being sized accordingly to create a frictional fitbetween the chassis elements 110, 112 and the interior surfaces of thesupport elements 202, 204 forming the groove 240 such that the baffleelement may slide in a horizontal direction 244 during systemmaintenance to permit easy installation and removal. Alternatively, inthe computer system of FIG. 5, the baffle element slides verticallyduring installation and removal. It should be recognized that asubstantial number of alternative methods and apparatus for mounting andretaining the baffle element within the computer interior volume may beused with equal effectiveness, including the use of threaded fastenersor retaining clips. Alternatively, the baffle element may be permanentlyaffixed to the computer chassis (such as by adhesives or welding) if sodesired.

As previously mentioned, the baffle element 108 is sized and the chassiselements 110, 112 constructed such that when the baffle element isreceived by the chassis elements, airflow between the chambers 104, 106is substantially eliminated. Airtight sealing of the sliding grooves240, 242 or other mounting apparatus is not required in that someleakage around the baffle element 108 is allowable; however, grossleakage through or around the baffle will mitigate the benefits providedby the invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, an electrical wire or ribbon cable 156 is passedthrough the thickness of the baffle element 108 by way of theperforations 210 in the center element 200. The flexible fingers 212deflect thereby permitting passage of the cable 156 through the baffleelement 108, while the resiliency of the fingers 212 maintain theirdistal ends 216 in contact with the cable 156 so as to mitigate the flowof air around the cable and therefore between the individual chambers104, 106 within the computer housing 120. It can be appreciated thatcables of varying sizes and configurations may pass through theperforations 210 of the center element 200 in this manner.

Detailed Description of a Second Embodiment of the Baffle Element

FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the baffle element of the presentinvention. In this embodiment, the baffle element may be constructedusing a single support element 202 for reduced weight and space. Thissingle support element 202 is mated to the flexible center element 200such that the passage 206 substantially aligns with the fingers 212within the center element 200, thereby providing the fingers 212 withsufficient transverse mobility. The center portion 200 is mounted to thesupport element 202 using any of the aforementioned conventionalfastening techniques, thereby maintaining both elements 200, 202 inrelative alignment during use. In this embodiment, the support elementsupports the weight of the center element 200 and electrical wires 152penetrating between the fingers 212 during use. The baffle element maythen be slidably, pivotally, or permanently mounted, as desired, to thecomputer chassis using any number of techniques well understood in theart.

Detailed Description of a Third Embodiment of the Baffle Element

FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein thebaffle support element 202 and fingers 212 are unified and fabricatedfrom one or more sheets of resilient material. Transverse andlongitudinal perforations 210 made in the material create the fingers212, which may be flexed into and out of the plane of the supportelement to permit cabling or other objects to pass through. The materialused for the support element 202 and fingers 212 of this embodimentprovides mechanical stability and strength when the baffle element 108is installed in the computer chassis, and also permits dislocation ofthe fingers without breaking, and sealing of the installed cable 156.Polyethylene or other similar plastics may be used to form the supportelement 202, although other types of material will suffice. The materialused in this embodiment for the support element 202 and fingers 212 maybe ESD safe. This embodiment carries the primary benefit of greatsimplicity of manufacture.

Detailed Description of a Fourth Embodiment of the Baffle Element

FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of the baffle element 108 of thepresent invention. In this embodiment, a three-chamber baffle element isconstructed through the use of two discrete support elements 202, 204mated to one another at right or oblique angles. One or more centerelements 200 are mated to the support elements in alignment with theirpassages 206 to permit the sealed passage of electrical wires or otherobjects between each of the three chambers created when the baffleelement 108 is installed within a computer housing 120. By orienting theair inlets and fans in each of the three chambers so that air flows inthe directions shown by the arrows 146, substantially linear airflow canbe maintained in each chamber. For example, the baffle element 108 shownin FIG. 11 could be installed in a tower-type housing 120 as previouslydescribed such that the direction of airflow 146 in all three chambers,104, 106, 107 is oriented front-to-back, as shown in FIG. 12. A largenumber of different baffle element geometries and arrangements arecontemplated, depending on the configuration of the computer systemchassis into which the baffle is being fit, the number of desiredchambers, and the number of available cooling fans.

SUMMARY

As has been described herein, the chambered forced cooling system of thepresent invention provides enhanced cooling of critical computer orelectronic system components, thereby increasing component longevity andimproving overall system reliability. Most notably, this enhancedcooling is provided with no increase in fan capacity or requiredreduction in inlet air temperature. Additionally, the baffle elementused with the system allows for the routing of electrical cablingthroughout the interior of the enclosure such that the desired airflowwithin each of the chambers (and increased efficiency resultingtherefrom) are preserved. Maintenance of the system is also facilitatedthrough the easy installation and removal of the baffle element(s) andany cabling routed therein.

While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointedout the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied tovarious embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions,substitutions, and changes in the form and details of the device orprocess illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention.The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only asillustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is,therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoingdescription. All changes which come within the meaning and range ofequivalence of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for cooling components located within ahousing, comprising:a divider positioned within said housing so as todefine a plurality of chambers therein, said divider having a pluralityof substantially coplanar individually moveable fingers allowing thepassage of cabling through said divider said fingers limiting the flowof air through said divider around said cabling; at least one air inletcommunicating with each of said chambers, wherein at least one of saidcomponents is disposed in proximity to one of said air inlets; and aplurality of forced airflow generators, at least one of said generatorsproviding airflow within each of said chambers, each said generatorsubstantially aligned with said air inlet and exhausting air from itsrespective chamber.
 2. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein saidinternal components include one or more elements selected from a groupconsisting of a central processing unit, a compact disk read-only memorystorage device (CD-ROM), a magnetic disk drive, a digital signalprocessor, a memory, an interface card, a modulator-demodulator (MODEM),a computer power supply, a transformer, and a circuit board.
 3. Thecooling system of claim 1, wherein said airflow generator is a rotaryfan.
 4. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein said chambers areconfigured in tandem, with the direction of airflow within each chamberbeing substantially parallel to that within the other chambers.
 5. Thecooling system of claim 1, wherein said air inlets have a crossectionselected from the group of shapes consisting of a circle, square,ellipse, rectangle, and polygon.
 6. A system for cooling the internalcomponents of a computer, comprising:a housing having top and bottomsurfaces, front and rear surfaces, and side surfaces; a divider disposedwithin the housing so as to define a plurality of chambers therein, saiddivider having a plurality of substantially coplanar individuallymoveable fingers and allowing for the passage of conductors through itsthickness while substantially impeding the flow of air between saidchambers; a plurality of forced airflow generators, each of saidchambers containing at least one of said generators, and each of saidgenerators exhausting air from its respective chamber; and a pluralityof air inlets, each of said chambers containing at least one of saidinlets, and each of said air inlets disposed in its respective chamberso as to be substantially in opposition to its respective airflowgenerator, wherein air is drawn into the housing through said air inletsby said airflow generators and cools said certain internal components.7. The cooling system of claim 6, wherein said internal componentsinclude one or more elements selected from a group consisting of acentral processing unit, a compact disk read-only memory storage device(CD-ROM), a magnetic disk drive, a digital signal processor, a memory,an interface card, a modulator-demodulator (MODEM), a computer powersupply, a transformer, and a circuit board.
 8. The cooling system ofclaim 6, wherein said airflow generator is a rotary fan.
 9. The coolingsystem of claim 6, wherein said chambers are configured in tandem, withthe direction of airflow within each chamber being substantiallyparallel to that within the other chambers.
 10. The cooling system ofclaim 6, wherein said air inlets have a crossection selected from thegroup of shapes consisting of a circle, square, ellipse, rectangle, andpolygon.
 11. The cooling system of claim 6, wherein said chambers aredisposed in over-under orientation, with the direction of airflow withineach chamber being substantially parallel to that within the others. 12.A computer system comprising:a housing; at least one conductor disposedwithin said housing; a divider disposed within said housing so as todefine a plurality of chambers therein, said divider having a pluralityof substantially coplanar individually moveable fingers and allowing forthe passage of said conductors through its thickness while substantiallyimpeding the flow of air between said chambers; a central processingunit disposed within one of said chambers; a data storage devicedisposed substantially within one of said chambers; a plurality offorced airflow generators, each of said chambers having at least one ofsaid generators, and each of said generators exhausting air from itsrespective chamber; and a plurality of air inlets, each of said chambershaving at least one of said inlets, and each of said air inlets disposedin its respective chamber so as to be substantially in opposition to itsrespective airflow generator, wherein said central processing unit andsaid data storage device are disposed proximate to said air inlets. 13.The computer system of claim 12, wherein said computer system is adesktop computer.
 14. The computer system of claim 12, wherein saidcomputer system is constructed in a tower configuration.
 15. A systemfor cooling components disposed within the interior of an enclosure,comprising:baffle means having a plurality of substantially coplanarindividually moveable fingers and allowing for the passage of wiringtherethrough, said baffle means further dividing said interior of saidenclosure into a plurality of chambers; means for introducing air intoeach of said chambers, means for generating airflow within each of saidchambers, said airflow generating means being positioned such thatairflow between said air introduction means and said airflow generatingmeans in each chamber travels in a substantially linear path, each ofsaid airflow generating means further being positioned to exhaust airfrom each of said chambers; and means for locating one of saidcomponents in proximity to said air introduction means and substantiallybetween said air introduction means and said airflow generating means.16. The system for cooling components disposed within the interior of anenclosure of claim 15, wherein said airflow generating means is a rotaryfan.
 17. The system for cooling components disposed within the interiorof an enclosure of claim 15, wherein said means for introducing air intoeach of said chambers is one or more air inlets.
 18. The system forcooling components disposed within the interior of an enclosure of claim15, wherein said means for locating one of said components in proximityto said air inlet is a mounting structure.
 19. A computer baffle,comprising:a support element having a passage therethrough; and aplurality of substantially coplanar individually moveable fingers,wherein said fingers are flexibly and resiliently attached to saidsupport element and are disposed substantially within said passage, saidfingers allowing the insertion of cabling through said passage, andfurther configured to substantially restrict airflow through saidpassage and around said cabling.
 20. An airflow baffle for use within acomputer system, comprising:a substantially planar support elementhaving a passage therethrough; and a plurality of substantially coplanarindividually moveable fingers, wherein said fingers are flexibly andresiliently attached to said support element and are disposedsubstantially within said passage, said fingers allowing the insertionof cabling through said passage, and further configured to substantiallyrestrict airflow around said cabling.
 21. The computer cooling baffle ofclaim 20, wherein said fingers are disposed in first and secondsubstantially parallel rows with the distal ends of said fingers in saidfirst row being proximate with the distal ends of said fingers from saidsecond row.
 22. The computer cooling baffle of claim 20, wherein thecrossection of said passage through said support element comprises aconfiguration corresponding to one taken from the group consisting ofcircular, rectangular, square, triangular, and polygonal.
 23. Thecomputer cooling baffle of claim 20, wherein said support element andfingers are fashioned from a single planar sheet of substantiallyresilient material.
 24. A system for cooling components located within ahousing, comprising:a divider having a plurality of substantiallycoplanar individually moveable fingers and allowing for the passage ofcabling therethrough, said divider positioned within said housing so asto define a plurality of chambers therein, said chambers being disposedin over-under orientation, with the direction of airflow within eachchamber being substantially parallel to that within the others; at leastone air inlet communicating with each of said chambers, wherein at leastone of said components is disposed in proximity to said at least one airinlet; and a plurality of forced airflow generators, at least one ofsaid generators providing airflow within each of said chambers, eachsaid generator substantially aligned with said air inlet and exhaustingair from its respective chamber.